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*Prenatal test to check fetal wellbeing in a pregnant woman *Usually done after 32 weeks but can be done sooner after 24 weeks Breathing Movements At least 1 lasting 60 seconds in a 30-minute period 0 breathing movements Body Movements 3 movements in 30 minutes 2 or less in 30 minutes Muscle Tone 1 extension … Continue reading Biophysical Profile
Polycystic ovary syndrome involves an increase in the levels of estrogen, testosterone, and LH. A decreased secretion of FSH. Increased levels of androgens (male hormones).Increase androgens cause irregular ovulation which can cause cysts to develop. Cysts produce more estrogen. Not everyone with PCOS will have cysts. Insulin resistance-Increased insulin levels cause increased levels of androgens.Low-grade … Continue reading Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A urinalysis is a test of the urine. The urine sample is evaluated in three ways: visual exam, dipstick test and microscopic exam. Screening: detect health issues before symptoms appear. Urinalysis can look for unidentified health issues in order to reduce the risk of future complications. Diagnosis: finding the cause of symptoms. Monitoring: Used to see … Continue reading Urinalysis
Infant Safety –Verify baby’s wristband to mom’s wristband Teach how to use the bulb syringe o Mouth 1st then nose LOC (sleeping, quiet alert, active alert, crying) Pain Assessment Vital Signs o Auscultate Apical Pulse (1 full minute) ▪ Normal HR 110-160bpm o Auscultate Respirations on flanks (1 full minute) ▪ Normal RR 30-60bpm Auscultate Bowel Sounds Assessment of head o Fontanelles o Sutures (Corneal, … Continue reading Newborn Head to Toe Assessment
*Provide privacyDiet: Increased sodium = Increased urine Increased caffeine/alcohol = Increased urine LABS: -BUN -Creatinine -CBC -ABGs -CMP -UA -Specific gravity -Osmolarity -GFR -pH of Urine OBJECTIVE: -Vital signs -Palpate and percuss for flank pain and CVA tenderness -Turgor -Mucous membranes -Urine (color, clarity and odor) -Auscultate for a renal artery bruit -I & O … Continue reading Focused Renal Assessment
Therapeutic Communication with a patient who has Dementia o Be Positiveo Keep if briefo Familiarityo Don’t talk down to them o No need to shout o No sarcasm/irony o Limit distractions o Speak slowlyo Smile o Approach from the front so you don’t startle themo Acknowledge their feelings when upset then redirect o Use their name as a memory triggero If mad don’t make it worseo If wrong, let … Continue reading Therapeutic Communication
Normal Adult Ranges: 5 Main Vitals Heart Rate (Pulse) 60-100 beats per minute/ regular Respirations 12-20 breaths per minute/regular Blood Pressure <120 mmHg/<80 mmHg Temperature 96.8F (36C) – 100.4F (38C) O2 > 95% Other vitals: EtCO2 35-45 mmHg Normally taken postoperatively Pulse Pressure 30-50mmHg Systolic minus diastolic **If pulse pressure is too wide or narrow … Continue reading Vital Signs
Health History Mnemonic Symptoms Allergies Medications Past medication history Last Intake Events Also included in the health history:
Prior to Seizure Assessed patient’s seizure history and knowledge of precipitating factors; asked patient to describe frequency, presence and type of aura (warning sensation), and body parts affectedAssessed medication historyInspected patient’s environment for potential safety hazards if seizureoccurred; kept bed low and side rails up, pad rails, have oral suction andoxygen equipment ready for usePlace patient in … Continue reading Seizure Precautions
Breasts: How are your breast feeling? Uncover 1 at a time checking for redness, pain, swelling, temperature. Note color and texture. Assess nipple everted, inverted or flat. Any bruising, cracks, bleeding.Uterus: Fundus proper hand placement. Firm, boggy, firm with massage. Where is it located U/U. Midline, left right.Bowel: Last BM, bowel sounds, last time eaten, … Continue reading Postpartum Assessment